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The historical motivation for serverless comes from internet-of-things, smartphone client server, and the objective of simplifying programming (no provisioning) and scale-down (pay-for-use). These applications are generally low-performance best-effort. However, the serverless model enables flexible software architectures suitable for a wide range of applications that demand high-performance and guaranteed performance. We have studied three such applications - scientific data streaming, virtual/augmented reality, and document annotation. We describe how each can be cast in a serverless software architecture and how the application performance requirements translate into high performance requirements (invocation rate, low and predictable latency) for the underlying serverless system implementation. These applications can require invocations rates as high as millions per second (40 MHz) and latency deadlines below a microsecond (300 ns), and furthermore require performance predictability. All of these capabilities are far in excess of today's commercial serverless offerings and represent interesting research challenges. 

The discovery of new compounds and materials has a fundamental impact on industrial and economic development. The discovery process is increasingly supported by computational approaches as they provide efficient means to uncover promising targets. In the past two decades, we have witnessed tremendous growth in the drug discovery field due to the implementation of virtual high-throughput screening (HTPS) techniques. Recently, these techniques have been embraced in various materials applications, such as catalysis, energy materials, optoelectronics, photovoltaics, etc., thereby developing into a promising tool for the discovery of nextgeneration materials. In addition to the discovery of new materials, these HTPS studies provide a solid data foundation for rational design approaches as well as guidance for experimental partners. In this chapter, we review recent HTPS efforts undertaken for new materials for photovoltaics, gas separation, optical devices, and OLEDs. We also review HTPS projects for catalyst materials for various important reactions, such as the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR).